The Potentiometer:Is basically an adjustable resistor which you can connect your standard throttle cable to. The potentiometer will send a signal to the controller telling it how much power to supply.
Batteries:
The "Achilles' Heel" of the electric cars. This is where your power (fuel) is stored. Varying battery chemistry, voltages and capacity will provide varying results for your electric vehicle. Battery technology is constantly being developed with prices dropping constantly ... I saw someone mention recently that with three factors of an electric vehicle "Cheap" Range" & "Power", you can only choose two of these. This is true due to current battery technology.
DC-DC Converter:
This is used to replace the alternator on a petrol motor ... The DC-DC converter will change the high voltage of your main battery pack to 12V to power standard car accessories like lights, windscreen wipers, radio etc. (Or can be used to charge a separate 12V battery which powers these accessories)
Vacuum Pump:Vacuum created from a standard petrol engine is used for "power assisted brakes" ...Without the petrol engine, this vacuum need to be created to return the brakes to their original working capacity ... A 12 Volt Vacuum pump and reservoir can be sourced as a kit if required.
Power Steering Pump:Most vehicles use a power steering pump which is belt attached to the petrol engine. But there are many vehicles which are factory built with 12 Volt electric power steering pumps like the Toyota MR2 and Holden Astra Mk4 to mention a couple. One of these power steering pumps can be easily adapted for an electric vehicle.
Battery Charger:
Usually mounted in the vehicle so you can charge from any power point.
Adapter Plate & Coupler:
Used to attach an electric motor to the vehicles existing gearbox. (usually has to be custom fabricated which means $$$)
Gauges and Meters:
Used to measure the power consumption and/or remaining battery capacity
Contactor:
A contactor is basically a high voltage relay or switch. It is used to turn on the main power to your controller.
Circuit Breakers or Fuses:
Used to protect the electrical circuit against surges, shorts or for safety cutoffs.
Power Cable:Power cable for an electric vehicle needs to be much larger than any standard automotive cable.
Sizes of 2/0 or 4/0 AWG, multistrand double insulated welding cable is capable of handling the amps required for an electric vehicle. (500A plus)
Great post John! I was looking for a automotive cable when I came across your blog post about electric vehicle conversion, I'm happy I did because this was a very insightful and interesting read. Thank you for sharing this with us.
ReplyDelete3d bioprinting = Immortality = go to stars ((typewrite: interstellar travel constant acceleration))
ReplyDelete...interstellar travel constant acceleration (electric cars: charge in street-lamps)… installing on every normal street-lamp of the World (suppling them triphasic current 380 v.ac) e.g. at exterior of the tube to 1 mt height from ground and a differential anti-shock, a plastic ribbon screwed and rain protected with 4opposites electric-plugs 380 v-ac type world-standard (each street-lamp, already with activated current 24 hours, can have a light-sensor for automatic on/off). Each electric car exits from factory obligatorily with 3 electric-plugs for 380 v.ac, 1 in separated circuit for particular-charge with payment at moment; and 2 in another circuit for public-charge: one of entrance at front and another of exit at rear, also, next to milometer can bring a normal kilowatts-meter to charging from electric-network, and 1 connection-cable with 10 mts, so the cable always stays over ground between street-lamp/car or car/car. ENTRANCE PLUG: the own car´s converter adapts the network-current to the adequate voltage of the car. EXIT PLUG: free and available by Law for whichever car that arrives after and cans connect to the car before. So nobody has that wait for, all cars that arrive to street-lamp they can connect in line one another (would have that watch and solve the fallen of tension and amperage with various cars at the same time). When a car finishes its charge, if wants disconnects all, connects the next car to the anterior, and runaway (if they do not connect the cable of your car, the aboard sensor calls to your mobile for go to connect it), the other carsgo advancing towards the street-lamp and connect again one another...
ReplyDelete(2)...interstellar travel constant acceleration (electric cars: charge in street-lamps)… So nobody has that wait for. How the GRAPHENE BATTERIES Have Not Memory Effect, they can disconnect/connect without problem with any charge level. If governments/companies have that give money for that electric-charge to each one, besides for KW, can do it applying a money-charge by kms/year declared (at International traffic, (if car has kilowatts-meter, normal paying difference enter/exit from frontier) are annotated kms from milometer to enter/exit, paying to exit: e.g. money-charge=$1 cent/km, car brings battery-charge for travel 100 kms, reading kms entrance 47000, exit 48000 and carries battery-charge for travel 300 kms; total kms=48000-47000-100+300=1200 kms*$1 cent=$12), finished the "history" of portable individual kilowatt-meters, etc (although the normal kilowatts-meter installed aboard from factory is the best system for public-charge).Electric cars charge solved the problem. HAVE TO INSTALL ALREADY THE PLUGS in all street-lamps around the World...and the factories must to put those 1+2 electric-plugs to all cars, finished the electric-charge´s actual problem, for electric cars... Of course, together with technological progress also socially progressing for avoiding delinquency and vandalism into society, not only with stronger measuring legal but also with an Authentic Social Justice, but that is already other "history".
ReplyDelete...interstellar travel constant acceleration (Erika Fani: heroine concordia)… cruise-ship "Costa Concordia", wreck: from the heroic crew who stayed to the rescue of passengers, remember that Young Heroine with 25 years of the crew who yielded her life-jacket to an old passenger, the "man" old passenger was salvaged, and not Erika. Remain Immortal forever the memory of that Young Heroine: Honor and Glory Eternals… already must have in the Universe one star called Erika Fani.
ReplyDelete...interstellar travel constant acceleration (without religion "feasts": Inquisition)… when until goes to continue the world the "feasts" of religion enduring?... What a beautiful is the "Christ"mas!, but...that still only has the splendid showcase and after with the back-room of religious gloomy darkness, horror and crime. No more wiles to innocents, make already the authentic Birthmas, the Nativity from the wonderful real women, and not from the inhuman-religious tales. Have to transform already ALL the "feasts" of religion into TRUE HUMAN FESTIVITIES, that not "pagans", nor do "mundane". Have that send already once and for all the religion, what religion, mine, yours, or of those?, all religions: the religion...to the trash. Without delinquency, a New World based on Truth and Justice. No more religion for to continue "forever and ever" the religious infecting global media, enterprises, governments, schools, high schools and universities with their ancestral system buys-wills, if you want have a job, house and a car on the door, already you know put the neck in the priests, with their thousands of millions of "believers": Bought, or Innocents, or Ignorant… No more religious tale Time counting false "century XXI, year 2019 a.c."... A Planetary Convention to select the True Starting of the History...if from beginning of the Bronze Ages: on Earth Planet, century 66... Merry Birthmas and Happy New Year 6519.
ReplyDelete...interstellar travel constant acceleration (without suffering)... in the Brazil of the "Ordem e Progresso" the "children of the street" abandoned such as if they were dogs...in countries of Orient as Lebanon, children almost babies thrown away on the ground together with an adult begging alms, already from their more tender infancy they get accustomed to look the World from down and suffering...children dying of cold into refugee camps in countries with endless religion´s wars...and meanwhile shameless multireligious-pontifices in their golden palaces eating partridges, and well sheltered with the best wool in the best blankets made in England, the best boots...and not fall down their faces of shame when they look to themselves in the mirror... How they can have $50,000 million in the Bank, living on a golden skyscraper and to be dedicated to want build a barrier-wall, instead of to be dedicated to saving to all those who they can?... Off with religion, off with monarchies and off with politicians shameless.
ReplyDelete(2)...interstellar travel constant acceleration (without suffering)... in that Brazil of the miserable ones, they say that for "to clean" the streets for the World Football Championship,,,the polic,,,assassi,,,childr,,, (someone of those majors children is capable of to kill for robbing the shoes, but the vermin are who governs and convert them in that). And FIFA "get to knew nothing", they would must to have done suspend the damned World Championship and to observe 1 minute of silence for those innocents "swept away" from the streets and from the life... Can watch in photographs to two little girls begging alms, the tender creatures are joined for mutual helping to carry their solitude and abandonment... When the night goes down, to where they go?...they have searched instinctively, such as all living beings, a place for take refuge...the place of the darkness, the place of the distance, the place of the fear, the place of the rats present over there too...one day another day, one night another night... Where is that "God"?, in the homovices ceilings of the Vatic ano. Where the hope?, where the tenderness?, where the education?...at none part. Others ones, carry glue to them for inhaling and forgetting and for dying.
ReplyDelete(3)...interstellar travel constant acceleration (without suffering: the hope)... solution is Not the Alms which is the injustice, solution is Not the religion which is the lie. Solution is Justice and Truth: THE WORLD CAN NOT CONTINUE INDIFERENT TO THAT HORROR AGAINST THE INFANCY... ALL those children who are suffering must be rescued and be in ward by the State and be delivered in ADOPTION to all adequate FAMILIES OF THE WORLD who want adopt them...immediately and not using Infancy how change-currency such as it is doing in some "countries"... Oblivion? of those horrible crimes against Infancy Brazil World Football Championship, paroxysm of the horror how holocaust for German-soldiers who were shot to mothers with their children on the edge of a common grave... Children 8,500 die of hunger everyday on the World... UN: the World goes to continue building barrier-walls, quiet keeping and for other side looking?
ReplyDelete...3d bioprinting-Immortality (mom-printer: not euthanasia)… within 1 century, to die will be "out of fashion"... whereas there is Life there is hope for hooking the 1st Immortal Generation...the unique Immortality it is coming from We self: Technological Immortality...modified BIOLOGICAL TIMERS...3D BIOPRINTING... on wake up, but...if I am, when I was 18 years old...and still so I remember all my Life in the ancient body before…(that is the important: REMEMBER the previous lives after each mortal accident, but will serve of nothing because always you will be living 1 only time without know it)… On the body the important is the head, in the head the important is the brain, in the brain the important is...The Memory...which is, along with Genes and Image, simply, what we are... Your recorded Memory to the new young perfect identical bioprinted body and...Immortality...already the accidents do not matter. The Memory is the "soul" (software), our body only is the "automobile" that transport us (hardware)… To what extent are we willing to recognize a friend, or picture yourself, who has received an orthopedic implant after an accident?. Until 1 leg?, besides of leg the 2 arms?, besides of this the chest?, besides of this… where until we still considering to it the same person?... Ultimately, already outside from the physical body, the Memory remains… Wherever our Memory goes, over there we are... Record the Memory in a electronic format and stored by Law in the Official Data Banks, along with Genes and some Photos of each one, waiting there are in the Future... 1: BIOPRINTED BODIES genetically identical, in image and all, to the originals in which "revitalize" to the electronic sleepers… 2: SPACE where to live a new and Immortal Life in some Universe´s habitable place... We do not can claim stay all here, besides each star and planet they have "expiration date"... "Earth is the cradle of the reason, but is impossible to live eternally in a cradle" (Konstantin E. Tsiolkovski)… ((But...is that…"it" already would be not "Me" of "black-paw"..it would be a "cyborg/clone/avatar/Frankenstein"... Are you sure?, because to sleep, lose consciousness, "it" of "black paw" dies and disappears every night (die=sleep=fall fainted: switch off darkness, the unique difference is when sleeping, the body continues horizontal living alone vegetal without us, how an empty house no owner occupied)...and on wake up "it" appears every morning (rebirths)...and our MEMORY instantly auto-recognize us, the same in our owbody which in our new body (new car eh!)… If we would have lost the Memory...we would have lost the Life))… Have to accelerate Research about Memory and the Space´s Colonization… Immortality comes... Memory-Genes-Photo>>Bioprinted Body>>Space...
ReplyDelete...3d bioprinting-Immortality (mom-printer: dignity)... miserable-religious are who infect and deceive with their religion tales to the World (religious are in wait for: careful with put "Immorality" instead of Immortality, uf...), religious barking "it would be a cyborg/clone/avatar/frankenstein", miserable-religious are who make religion´s auto-propaganda in Global Media and indirectly write script of the falsity movie "the 6th day", demented-religious who have in exclusive "a business of death". The World that still ignores (go to street and ask by bioprinting...) accustomed to the past of impotence in the matter, do not still knows that already has to change the chip, that must do not insult to Immortals who will come (all Humankind) call them "cyborg". When somebody is suffering the death of their little daughter (Chiquitita) and Science does record her Memory-Genes-Image in a new identical bioprinted body and then she comes back again to the life exactly the same that previously, those parents will tolerate that the miserable-priest call her "cyborg"?. The Intellective Power of Humankind carries us to dominate the Universe, Life and Immortality. Will there is NOTHING that we not can obtain. Only is a question of Time.
ReplyDelete...space-elevator (orbital station bike wheel-1g)… geostationary orbit, a huge "bike-wheel" is gyrating around its own axis for have 1g-centrifugal. Wheel held in place with 4 CABLES (each cable with a track for Train, for both trains crossing ||) FORMING THE STUCTURE OF A RHOMBUS<> (minor diagonal of rhombus is the gyration-axis of the Station-Wheel)...rhombus below, the carbon nanotubes Track towards Earth...rhombus above, Cable towards a higher counterweight… if...WHEEL´s RADIUS = 250 mts… Wheel gyration´s Axis length = rhombus´s minor diagonal = ½ Wheel´s radius = 125 mts (axis could be a resistant hollow tube, e.g. 20 mts in diameter, with an adequate wall´s thickness, hollow which could serving how tank of anything, e.g. air, or tank of frozen water storage no totally full, for volume expansion from liquid to ice without tank, Axis, breaking, thawing using solar-heat)… Cable´s length of the rhombus´s side = Wheel diameter = 500 mts… Wheel´s ZONE-1g: habitable length = 1571 mts*50 mts wide (separation at both sides between Cable and Circumference of the gyratory Wheel, approx.= 5 mts, adjusting this separation installing an Axis with major or minor length, as much as shorter Axis...stronger and, for easy train´s passing, an angle nearer to 180º value in both rhombus´s-vertex, minor diagonal, where are the Big Soundless Bearings of Axis´s-insertion...a few Electrical Motors fed with Solar Energy maintain automatically the gyration-speed counteracting the slow braking by friction from the Bearings...besides of Bearings: main Maglev system also for the gyration and Axis´s supporting, leaving the Bearings only how secondary security system...with a slight roominess between each Bearing and its exterior subjection, into the roominess all around...little solid Pistons radial extensible and retractable... Axis´s subjection: extensible ON, with Bearings; extensible OFF, with Maglev. With a sufficient cables tension coming from the counterweight, if Axis resists: the rhombus structure is undeformable)*10 Floors, 9 with 25 mts in height each one; top with 25 - axis radius = 15 mts; gyrating 360º each 31 seconds, angular-speed = 11.61º/sec, linear-speed (tangential) = 182 kms/h... Station-Wheel GYRATION: AXIS IN PERPENDICULAR (90º) ORIENTATION TO THE ORBITAL TRAJECTORY...and so, while Station-Wheel follows its geostationary orbit, the Wheel does Not changes the spatial-orientation of its axis, and thus there are Not Precession forces actuating (and thus there is Not torsion´s force against Track)...
ReplyDelete(1)...space-elevator (orbital station ramp: fresh air)... CO2 + UV laser → C + O2... RENOVATOR AIR UNIT: Powerful-Compressør³ continuously extracting the air Only from bathrooms ((((air passes condenser metallic grid which has a cold extreme ship´s wall through at outer space, water drops distilled go out centrifuged...air´s pipe goes to outer space sufficient for air cooling only till CO2 freezing point, their already solid ice particles go away into the air current centrifuged impacting against the wall of *U-Tube* of the air which *has exit in the U zone* to a perpendicular at 90º *Cylinder-Tube* that has a, with axis at both sides, ←▬▬|PISTON|▬▬→ *shoving the ice pieces at both ways goes↔comes*, for isolate air current the same PISTON *at both sides* opens↔closes Cylinder extremes on both *intersections* with U-Tube, and shoves/releases a *Circular Cap* which has on the back side a spring against the wall of "another perpendicular Tube forming "T" at both sides, 2 branch-lines, of the Cylinder-Tube*, from that another Tube *arrives from one side* hot CO2 current, this *drags towards the another side* and thaws the ice..from both branch-lines which outlet into 1 only tube, gas CO2 passes now by a thin and long tube with mirror interior walls ╩╩╩╩╩╩ with inclined multiples UV laser rays discharges...finally C and separation of O2 which passes to ■Tank reservoir O2 liquid)))) → compressed dirty air through anti-return retention´s ÷valve goes to 2 ©Deposits at outer space...besides punctually reinforcing, when sensor detects presence into bathroom connects extractor ~Ventilator of Pressure (220 v.ac/50 W) that carries the dirty air, already without water nor CO2, to a graphenes´s inflatable ºBalloon at outer space, another Compressør² extract the air of the ºBallon and injects it compressed through another anti-return retention´s ÷valve to circuit of the ©Deposits which have the dirty air already liquid at cryogenic temperature → #DISTILLER Linde mini → N and O2 ((someday will be obtained also Oxygen from...CO2 + UV laser → C + O2...electrons of CO2 molecule are in covalent bond, shared, they acquire energy from photons of the UV laser jumping thus to higher orbits and breaking thus the molecule)), the dirty remains that can´t be used is thrown to space...the 2 ©Deposits alternatively working, one closed exit mode distilling, another open exit mode throwing; both have at entrance a solenoid┴valve, and exit´s hinged door slightly open/close with 1 motorized gyratory screw outside the ©Deposit → █Tank Reservoir Air Liquid that receives, if it is necessary, also O2 from ■Tank reservoir O2 liquid... From █Tank Reservoir Air Liquid (N+O2) arrives more/less new air for maintaining the ambient pressure: »»» breeze of clean fresh air 1 bar »»»░... Finally shall smell to roses in a Spacecraft.
ReplyDelete...interstellar travel constant acceleration (Chiquitita the stars are shining for you over there in the high)… Today there is not any song, crying bitter tears for the Chiquitita from Mexico who never more will return to sing, she was shut up forever of the more inhuman mode by the coward feminicidal "machismo", in reality those coward assassins are not males, they are homovices who although have the strength of men, they are not men (only the homovices, TV propagation, hate to women, libro homovicio "La últ muj de Austrl", the last Australia´s woman, the homovices want make a world without women for "substitute to women", damned-homovices-dirty-repugnant-wretched-sterile-ill-vicious-mistaken). Hypocrite politicians continuously doing damn´s concentrations to the coward feminicides perpetrated by the homovices, that "damn" DON´T IS USEFUL FOR NOTHING, as can see, the unique that is useful is the FEAR of Death Penalty, and all other are tales. The "civilized" politicians, guided by the religious Inquisition all credos "leaders" of the horror, they prefer that assassinating three thousand five hundred millions of women before call to Referendum and that being the People who decides applying to the feminicidal, a road-roller starting by the feet, only have that announce it and finished the cowards feminicides committed by the homovices. The horror against women will stop someday. Chiquitita las estrellas brillan por ti allá en lo alto.
ReplyDelete